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I am fairly new to the Arcade scene and I have installed the Arpicade into my Chinese clone cab. Some games work well and some games are very slow. For instance SF2 CE works very well but Strider (also a cps game) has a lot of slowdown.

Reading through some of the documentation I've found I've read it may be because the board is not getting enough power through the 5v. Some documentation suggests adding another wire to the 5v. I have turned the 5v up as much as it goes and was wondering if this the best way to fix it and if it's something fairly easy to do for a novice. I have managed to change the joysticks and buttons as well as replace the CRT chassis so I'm not completely lost it's just that I can't see much online about adding another wire. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Adding an extra wire or 2 to both the 5v and the GND, from the JAMMA edge to the power supply, should fix up the current handling.  If you can change out a CRT chassis safely you are more than capable of adding some wire.  You will likely need a soldering iron for the job, a crimping tool and some extra forked crimp on ends wouldn't hurt too (but you can solder new wire to the existing ones you have or very carefully wire direct to the screw terminals on the power supply).  Make sure 5v and GND are only going to the correct pins on the JAMMA edge (and have no shorts etc.) before powering up, getting it wrong will cause damage.  Adjustment wise your Pi4 will want around 5.1v to 5.2v *(at the JAMMA edge with the board attached), to perform at its best, you don't want to go over 5.25ish or you risk causing other problems.

Do you have a multi meter at all?  If not I'd strongly recommend getting one, they're invaluable in this hobby.  Having your power supply 5v turned all the way up could be dangerous to your JAMMA boards, I'm not sure if you measured while adjusting it but that's best practice.  It's fairly typical to adjust the 5v to suit a new JAMMA board whenever it is changed as they often have diffferent voltage drops etc.

Also, if the power supply is of unknown age/history it may be on the way out itself.  Could be worth looking at replacing it too.

Thanks for your help and on the AA forums I've added the extra wires and it seems like it working much better.
Just wondering if I unplug the 5v wires from the power supply but leave them connected to the jamma edge and power the pi4 could I possibly do any damage?
I feel like it would be fine and would give me peace of mind that the fix is working properly as I still have a couple of problems with some games I don't with the Pi3. I'm unsure if it's maybe the roms I'm using with the emulator or not.

if I unplug the 5v wires from the power supply but leave them connected to the jamma edge and power the pi4 could I possibly do any damage?

That should work fine.  The power supply may not really like the lack of a load on the 5v but it should be OK as long as you don't have two 5v sources that can interact.